17. Bibliography

17.1. Related articles

This blog page was the genesis of PySpice and gives an introduction to SPICE and explain how to plug ngspice to Python.

17.2. SPICE References

The technical report No. UCB/ERL M520 written by Nagel gives an interesting description of the algorithms involved in Spice. I recommend to read part 2 and 3 that explain the equation formulation. The next parts describes the numerical analysis.

The relevant references on Spice are by date of publication:

• Technical Report No. UCB/ERL M382; SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis); Nagel, Laurence W. and Pederson, D.O.; April 1973
• Technical Report No. UCB/ERL M520; SPICE2: A Computer Program to Simulate Semiconductor Circuits; Nagel, Laurence W.; 1975
• Technical Report No. UCB/ERL M89/42; Analysis of Performance and Convergence Issues for Circuit Simulation; Quarles, Thomas L.; 1989
• official spice3f5 source code on eecs.berkeley.edu server, the page contains some links on Spice (historical notes).